Barn Spider, Hentz Orb-Weaver
Neoscona crucifera
Araneidae (Orb-Weavers), Order Araneae
Physical Description
The visible specimen shows a stout, rounded abdomen typical of orb-weavers, with warm reddish-brown and orange tones, suggesting a robust female.
Size Estimate
Body length approximately 12 to 20 millimeters with a substantial leg span, typical of a mature female orb-weaver.
Coloration & Markings
Warm reddish-brown, amber, and orange hues with subtle darker markings and potential faint spotting on the dorsal abdomen.
Web Type
Large, vertical circular orb web constructed in open spaces, often near structures, porches, or vegetation to catch flying insects.
Eye Arrangement
Eight small eyes arranged in two rows, typical of the Araneidae family, situated on the anterior part of the cephalothorax.
Leg Characteristics
Long, moderately thick legs with subtle banding, held in typical orb-weaver sprawling postures when resting on the web.
Venom & Safety Information
Venom Information
Mild venom used strictly to immobilize insect prey; poses no danger to humans.
Medical Significance
Harmless to humans. Bites are extremely rare, typically occurring only if pressed directly against the skin, resulting in minor local irritation similar to a mosquito bite.
Safety Recommendations
Leave undisturbed when outdoors. If found indoors near living areas, gently relocate using a container and a piece of card.
Habitat & Behavior
Habitat & Range
Found across North America, commonly inhabiting gardens, wooden structures, barns, and wooded edges.
Behavior & Temperament
Docile and non-aggressive; constructs webs at night or dusk and often retreats to a nearby crevice or leaf during daylight hours.
Diet & Prey
Pest insects such as moths, flies, mosquitoes, and beetles captured in the vertical orb web.
Seasonal Activity
Most active and visible during late summer and autumn when females reach maximum size and maturity.
Description
A striking large orb-weaver suspended against a natural woodland and garden backdrop, showcasing the classic silhouette and warm coloration of the barn spider.
Key Features
Bulbous, rounded abdomen, warm reddish-brown coloration, large vertical orb web, and nocturnal web-building habits.
Similar Species
Cross Orb-Weaver (Araneus diadematus) which features a distinct white cross marking on the abdomen.
Life Cycle
Females lay eggs in silk cocoons in autumn, which overwinter before hatching in spring into spiderlings that disperse via ballooning.
Ecological Importance
Acts as a natural pest control agent by consuming large numbers of flying insect pests in gardens and around homes.
Conservation Status
Secure and widespread, with stable populations across its native range.
Interesting Facts
Barn spiders are famous for consuming and rebuilding their large orb webs almost nightly to maintain optimal catching efficiency.
Photography Tips
Use a fast shutter speed and good natural lighting to capture the details of the body while it rests on its web.
Identified: 2026-09-02T13:46:01.492893